System Design (50 Qs)•Part 3: Distributed Transactions, Consensus & Reliability (26 - 36)
Gossip Protocols and Cluster Membership Discovery.
In Simple Words: A decentralized peer-to-peer communication protocol where nodes periodically exchange membership and liveness state with a small set of random peers, spreading information exponentially like an epidemic.
- Used by Apache Cassandra, Amazon DynamoDB, and HashiCorp Consul.
- Ensures high resilience: cluster converges to complete knowledge even if $50%$ of nodes fail.