Node.js fundamental architecture: V8, Libuv, c-ares, llhttp.

In Simple Words: Node.js is a C++ runtime wrapping Google's V8 engine with asynchronous libraries:

• V8: Google's open-source JavaScript and WebAssembly engine that compiles JS to native machine code.
• Libuv: High-performance C library that provides the Event Loop and asynchronous I/O abstractions (thread pool, epoll, kqueue).
• c-ares: C library for asynchronous DNS requests.
• llhttp: Ultra-fast HTTP 1.1 request/response parser in C.
• C++ Bindings: Connect Node.js internal C/C++ libraries with the JavaScript runtime.

// Verifying internal library versions:
console.log(process.versions);
// Output shows: { node: '22.x', v8: '12.x', uv: '1.48.x', zlib: '...', ... }